Virulence related traits in yeast species associated with food; Debaryomyces hansenii, Kluyveromyces marxianus, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus

There is an increase in the number of human infections associated with yeast species that are also known to be involved processing foods such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Debaryomyces hansenii, Wickerhamomyces anomalus, or Kluyveromyces marxianus. Clinical strains S. cerevisiae have been well studied over years and much regarding their virulence. However, very little about virulent potential D. W. K. In this study, several factors related virulence a collection clinical food/environmental isolated each were determined. Physiological looked at parameters infection epithelial cell culture model mortality invertebrate Galleria mellonella. The results revealed all evaluated marxianus (except for one strain) positive most physiological factors, parameters. anomalus produce 10 times higher levels G. mellonella besides showed intermediate according factors. case tested positive, but only single different parameter without common pattern. Thus, our study reveals some could risk health origin infections.